Tire wear: Why do tires wear? What causes uneven tire wear? How to choose the correct tire ?….
Tires are crucial in the control of your car. What kind of tires are we trusting with our lives?
For maximum tire life and safety, the first thing to do is choose the right tire. Here are some points to consider when choosing tires whose operation and life depend on many conditions:
A) Load situation The weight of the vehicle/machine and the load on the tires should be proportional to their carrying, load, and speed capacities.
b) Inflation Pressure It should be inflated according to the recommended speed and load specified by the manufacturer.
c. Road and surface conditions For different roads and surfaces, there are several tread profiles. Different tread profiles are used for different terrains. In tire selection, you should consider road and terrain conditions.
d. Rotating or rotating tires: If the Tires are attached to rotating or rotated wheels. Different tread patterns are desired in heavy vehicles, especially construction machines, but there is no change for light vehicles (Grader Loader).
e) Distance to Work: Tires that are used on long roads may overheat. This situation can be alleviated by using radial or multi-ply tires.
Causes of uneven tire wear
These are the reasons your tires are not wearing as quickly as you would like.
Speed
Tires that are driven at high speeds can overheat. The heat can also cause the tire to lose its lifespan and wear.
Hard Stops and Takes
Tire wear can be increased by hard stops and starts.
Heat
Tires in constant hot climates have a different life expectancy than tires in consistently cold climates. The lifespan of tires used in hot climates is shorter.
Tire Pressures
Too much or too little tire pressure can cause the tire to wear in various directions.
Road Structure and Surface
Tires are quickly worn by uneven road surfaces.
Mechanical Irregularities
There may be mechanical irregularities in the vehicle or on the wheel. This could lead to premature or uneven wear of the front wheel.
There are many mechanical irregularities
a) Toe-In
On the inner edge, there is pitting or sawtooth wear.
b) Toe-Out (Forward opening)
It can cause sawtooth wear or pilling at the tread edge.
c. Camber Angle (inward/outward tilt)
This creates a smooth wear along the inner and outer edges depending on the position of the negative and positive camber.
d) Caster Angle (Axle misalignment)
This causes uneven wear and rapid wear due to the wheel pulling to one end.
e) Sagging Axles
This type of failure can lead to uneven load distribution and wear on the tires.
f) Tandem (Independent) Wheel
Because these wheels are not designed to fit into bends on the road surface, they can cause uneven and excessive wear.
g) Curved Chassis
Tires can wear quickly due to slippage or differences between the front- and rear wheels.
h. Brakes malfunctions
Tire wear can be caused by malfunctions in the drum brakes or out-of adjustment brakes.
i) Shock Absorber Failure
Tire wear can be unevenly affected by worn or damaged shock absorbers.
Wear on wobbly, unbalanced, or unevenly balanced wheels can be caused by abrasions to the wheel balls, misalignment of the rods, and defects within the U-studs.
- – Inflate your tires until they are at normal pressure
- Speed Limits – Avoid overspeeding on rough or stony roads
- – Don’t rub the tire against sharp curbs
- – Avoid braking suddenly and forcefully.
- – Take your time and get up slowly.
- If you have a heavy load or the weather is extremely hot, keep your vehicle moving at a normal speed
- Avoid incorrect loading
- – Select the correct gear for the engine speed and road conditions to avoid overtreading the engine and tires.
1. Tire pressures should be maintained at the factory-determined levels.
2- Potholes and bumps can be avoided by entering at an angle so that you are less affected by road hazards.
3- You should know that worn tires are a danger to your safety when driving in wet, muddy, or snowy conditions.
Flat tires should not be used, except as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
5- Check the tread depths of your tires regularly.
6- The tire must be replaced if the tread depth exceeds the legal limit of 1.6 mm.
7- All new tires must be attached to the rear axle regardless of which drive axle is used. If the new tire to be fitted has a “directional” pattern, the “OK” sign on the sidewall indicating the tire rotation direction, and the OUTER (outer sidewall) lettering on the sidewall if it is “symmetrical” should be observed.
8- Follow the load index and speed symbols printed on the tire sidewall.
9- For long-term parking (upto three months), the tire pressures should increase by 10%.
10- Tires that have been subject to an external impact should be removed. The inside of the tire should also be examined for damage.
11- Only authorized people should repair the tire’s wounds.
12- Adjust the vehicle’s front arrangement periodically or adjust the balance if vibrations are felt.
13- Winter tires should be fitted as a set of four, regardless of which drive axle is used.
14- Before you get on your vehicle, make sure that the tires are properly checked.
15- Assembling the item should only be performed by professionals using appropriate equipment.
16- Before installing tires, rims must be inspected.
17- The tube and tube types must be replaced with each new tire. The valve must also be replaced with each tubeless tire.
18- It is important to always inspect valve caps. Caps with rubber gaskets are recommended.
